Bibliographic references and citations
Capture bibliographic references in bibItem elements with the attributes needed to identify the components of a reference (e.g. the title, author, publication date, etc.). Only capture a full bibItem if it meets particular criteria.
The bibItem element can contain text, typographic tags (such as b and i.), and other elements. bibItem elements may appear in structured bibliography lists or inline in the text. Bibliographic references can appear as a structured, grouped list (e.g. in a typical bibliography), or they may appear inline in the text (e.g. bibliographic essays, captions (on figures or videos), sources (on figures, tables, boxes, displayText), or footnotes).
Only capture a bibliographic reference with bibItem if it meets the following criteria:
- It appears within a structured bibliography
- It has the following attributes identified
- title
- contributor (author, editor, etc.)
- publication year
Where bibliographic references are identified but do not meet the requirements above, capture using cross reference xref. Capture the ref attribute with the value of the bibItem id of the complete reference.
If a full citation is not available in a structured bibliography, capture it as plain text and do not use bibItem tagging.
A bibItem may not contain another bibItem.
BibItem in a structured list
<bibList>
<p>MacDonald papers, <abbrev ref="odnb-9780198614128-miscMatter-1-abbrevExpansion-2390">TNA:PRO</abbrev>
</p>
<bibItem class="book" id="odnb-9780198614128-e-34704-bibItem-d2540e3646" author="G. Elton" title="The life of James Ramsay MacDonald" date="1939">Lord Elton
[G. Elton], <i>The life of James Ramsay MacDonald</i> (1939)</bibItem>
<bibItem class="book" id="odnb-9780198614128-e-34704-bibItem-d2540e3674" author="J. R. MacDonald" title="Margaret Ethel Macdonald" date="1912">J. R. MacDonald,<i>Margaret Ethel Macdonald</i> (1912)</bibItem>
<bibItem class="book" id="odnb-9780198614128-e-34704-bibItem-d2540e3694" author="J. R. MacDonald" title="Socialism and society" date="1905">J. R. MacDonald,<i>Socialism and society</i> (1905)</bibItem>
<bibItem class="book" id="odnb-9780198614128-e-34704-bibItem-d2540e3933" author="S. W. Roskill" title="Hankey, man of secrets" collection="3 vols." date="1970" dateEnd="1974" sectRef="vols. 2–3">S. W. Roskill, <i>Hankey, man of secrets</i>, 3
vols. (1970–74), vols. 2–3</bibItem>
<bibItem class="journalArticle" author="Ring, D|Jupiter, JB" date="1998" title="Fracture-dislocation of the elbow" journalName="J Bone Joint Surg Am" vol="80" journalIssue="4" page="566" pageLast="580">Ring D, Jupiter JB (1998). Fracture-dislocation
of the elbow <i>J Bone Joint Surg Am</i><b>80</b> (4), 566-80.</bibItem>
<p>
<abbrev ref="odnb-9780198614128-miscMatter-1-abbrevExpansion-848">
<i>CGPLA Eng. & Wales</i>
</abbrev> (1938)</p>
<bibItem class="book" id="odnb-9780198614128-e-34704-bibItem-d2540e3965" author="A. Eden" title="The Eden memoirs" date="1962">A. Eden, <i>The Eden memoirs</i>
(1962)</bibItem>
<bibItem class="book" id="odnb-9780198614128-e-34704-bibItem-d2540e3985" author="G. Cooke" title="Plumed serpent" date="1942">G. Cooke, <i>Plumed
serpent</i>
<i>: a story of reincarnation and the ancient wisdom</i> (1942)</bibItem>
<bibItem class="book" id="odnb-9780198614128-e-34704-bibItem-d2540e4008" author="L. MacNeill Weir" title="The tragedy of Ramsay MacDonald" date="1938">L.
MacNeill Weir, <i>The tragedy of Ramsay MacDonald</i> (1938)</bibItem>
<bibItem class="book" id="odnb-9780198614128-e-34704-bibItem-d2540e4028" author="L. Thompson" title="The enthusiasts" date="1971">L. Thompson, <i>The
enthusiasts</i> (1971)</bibItem>
</bibList>
BibItem in text (footnote)
<note id="oso-9780199296446-chapter-10-note-2" type="endnote">
<p><enumerator>
<sup>2</sup>
</enumerator><xref ref="oso-9780199296446-chapter-10-bibItem-1">Meric
Casaubon, <i>Of Credulity and Incredulity in Things Natural, Civill and Divine</i>
(London, 1668), 25–6</xref>.</p>
</note>
Inline bibItem (source)
<source>
<p>Reproduced with permission from <xref ref="med-9780199296556-chapter-09-bibItem-10">House JW, Brackmann DE, <i>Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery</i>, Volume 93,
Issue 2, pp. 146-147</xref>, Copyright © 1985 Official journal of the American
Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation.</p>
</source>